1) Briefly describe the impacts of droughts. [4m]
2)Here are two articles showing an example of how DC and LDC such as UK and Zimbabwe reduce the impacts on drought respectively: Click on the links UK and Zimbabwe to access the articles. Read the articles and evaluate the effectiveness of measures taken to reduce the impact of droughts in DC and LDC [8m].
A map of UK and Zimbabwe are provided. They may help you to answer the question better. Click on the image to enlarge.
(Credit to http://www.map-of-uk.com/)
(Credit to http://www.worldatlas.com)
Geography Rocks! 
UK – They will impose water restrictions after two unusually dry winters left reservoirs, aquifers and rivers below normal levels. The 7 companies will impose the bans from 5 April . The drought will also warn of effects on agriculture that could raise prices of potatoes and other vegetables. A ban on hosepipes means they are not allow to used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces.People in breach of these terms risk being prosecuted and fined up to £1,000. However, watering cans and buckets are still allowed. Thus this can help to reduce the effects of drought by respecting these restrictions and being smarter on how to use the water.
Zimbabwe-Rainwater harvesting is a way of capturing rain as it falls and retaining it in the soil or in tanks below ground so it can be later used as a source of clean water. By constructing ridges of soil along the contours of fields rainfall is held back from running off the hard-baked soils too quickly, so that crops have enough water to grow. Even when rainfall levels are low, families can harvest enough food.Before he was introduced to water harvesting techniques by Practical Action, he used to plant maize on the 4.5 hectares but frequently harvested nothing because of the drought.He was able to grow food at his homestead, as the crop needs little water, but this provided insufficient food for himself and his family and they could only survive by buying food with the proceeds from selling livestock.He was one of the first farmers in the ward to build contours for conserving rainwater. This led to a big improvement in food supplies. Last year, he had two crops of maize, the first producing 1.5 tonnes and the second 0.75 tonnes. He retained all of this for food and sold nothing. Thus, he no longer had to buy food and has sufficient stocks at home to last until next season. He has avoided having to spend money on food equivalent to 12 goats. With a goat selling at some Z$300,000 (about £17), this means that he saved over £200. Thus this clearly shows that this is very effective. Now with this rain harvesting , people do not need to be worry that there is not enough soil and food.
Rachel Lim (24) , 3/5
level 2, 5 marks ;D
1. Droughts affect the people and the environment as they can cause a shortage of water and food, damage to the environment and forest fires and haze. During a drought, crops are destroyed, resulting in famine especially in developing countries. It could also cause desertification, which is the spread of deserts. This will result in difficulty to support vegetation growth. After the soil is blown away, there will only be a barren piece of land. As for forest fires and haze, it is caused because the vegetation in forests become very dry and will catch fire. The smoke spreads to neighbouring countries and can blanket entire cities in haze. It can cause breathing difficulties as well as eye irritations.
2. One of the ways to reduce the impact of droughts in DCs, is to impose water restrictions. For example, water companies across southern and eastern England effort to introduce hosepipe bans.
After two unusually dry winters, restrictions have to be enforced. The terrible drought conditions are expected to spread across more of England in coming weeks, unless strong rains arrive.
It will also warn of effects on agriculture that could raise prices of potatoes and other vegetables. A ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used for recreational use. Their method of enforcing this is to fine people a heavy amount of £1,000 if they break the new ‘rule’. A negative impact of this, however is that if farmers, householders or businesses take more water from rivers and lakes that are already poorly supplied, wildlife will feel the effects. However, this is an ongoing natural hazard and there is no immediate solution.
One of the ways to reduce the impacts of droughts in LDCs, is through rainwater harvesting. It is a way of capturing rain as it falls and retaining it in the soil or in tanks below ground so it can be later used as a source of clean water. It ensures that crops have enough water to grow. Even when rainfall levels are low, families can harvest enough food. An example of the success of this method is that before a rainwater harvesting project had been introduced, a good harvest was rare. But by 2003 a quarter of all the households had produced enough food to last the year. This is an effective and effecient way to ensure that the people living in the LDCs are able to cope with natural hazards even without the proper accomodations or the money to afford fancy and expensive technology or schemes to support them.
In my opinion, whether a DC or a LDC, the country can do its part to help each other cope with a doubt better and to adapt. Together with a better understanding of the atmosphere and improved weather forecasting, scientists are able to prepare the public for such hazards. But even without advanced technology, an LDC can work together in ways like the one mentioned above to cope better.
good explanation, i like it !!! 🙂
warn off*? 🙂 (3rd para)
efficient (4th para)
and This is a L2 response because there were description of the solutions towards the problems, and the strengths of the
2)The effectiveness to reduce the impacts of the droughts for the DC is effective to some extent as water companies across southern and eastern England are to introduce hosepipe bans amid drought conditions. This would mean the hosepipes cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces, so as to save the limited amount of water left in the reservoirs. People in breach of these terms risk being prosecuted and fined up to £1,000. By enforcing these rules and regulations, it would help the UK to be able to still have water for agriculture and also let them have a headstart in saving water for any future droughts to come,by reducing their water intake now.
The effectiveness of rainwater harvesting is effective to some extent as climate change in the world’s rainfall patterns may not be able to sustain the large amounts of agriculture in Zimbawe. However, Tias Simbanda was introduced to rainwater harvesting and was able to harvest his crops while he was unable to do so before he was introduced to rainwater harvesting.
This is a L3 response because there were description of the measure ” DC is effective to some extent as water companies across southern and eastern England are to introduce hosepipe bans amid drought conditions. This would mean the hosepipes cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “England are to introduce hosepipe bans amid drought conditions” and strengths of “hosepipes cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces, so as to save the limited amount of water left in the reservoirs” and weakness of “s may not be able to sustain the large amounts of agriculture in Zimbawe.” but no elaboration on the effectiveness of noth measures. but very good good good goodc. excellent bravo cherry
This answer is a L1/2 response because there was description and strength of the measure by (DC hosepipe ban in UK), but there was no weakness and conclusion for the effectiveness of the measure.
“The effectiveness to reduce the impacts of the droughts for the DC is effective to some extent” [to what extent? you also need to state why it is effective]
Description for measure used in LDC was incomplete, no strength, no weakness, no conclusion with reason.
1)Firstly,there will be a shortage of water and food.There will be a lack of water in rivers and lakes,as the water are dried up.People and animals die from dehydration and crops would also be destroyed,causing famine to occur.Secondly,droughts
2)
TOO SHORT.
I’M TALLER THAN YOU.
Your answer is too short. You thinking of your chicken ah AHHAHA
Ahh Felicia. Remember to refer your answer to the article, the UK and Zimbwawe article 🙂 dont uh. skyf 🙂
oh okays 🙂 thanks~ ❤ btw,you spelt it wrongly poop face 😛
Where is your Question 2? .____.”
1) Droughts cause shortage of food and water, damage to the environment and forest fires and haze.
When there is a drought, rivers and lakes dry up. This causes people and animals to die from dehydration and crops to get destroyed.
Desertification is a result from prolonged droughts. Desertification is the spread of deserts into areas where there is little or no rain. Soil will become very dry and would not be able to support vegetation growth. Soil is therefore easily blown away by wind. Deserts are expanding by a lot every year. This leads to rapid deforestatino and global warming.
2) Zimbawe is a low developed country. In sub-Saharan Africa, another low developed country, 90% of agriculture is rain-fed, making it even more vulnerable to changing weather patterns.
1 mark, because you mentioned ‘ vulnerable to changing weather patterns’ . 😀
1) Droughts can lead to a shortage of water and food. When there is a drought, there is a lack of water as rivers and lakes are dried up, causing a shortage of water for people, animals and crops. Droughts can also lead to damage of the environment. Desertificatification is the spread of deserts into areas where there is little or no rain. It is a global problem.
2) In UK, measures taken to improve the impacts of droughts are proven to be quite successful. In UK, the ban of using hosepipes has helped to save more water. A ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces. People in breach of these terms risk being prosecuted and fined up to £1,000. Watering cans and buckets are still allowed. This ban of using hospipes would also help UK in the future in case of more severe droughts.
In Zimbabwe, measures taken to improve the impacts of droughts are very successful. Farmers in Zimbabwe build contours for conserving rainwater. This led to a big improvement in food supplies: last year, a famer had two crops of maize, the first producing 1.5 tonnes and the second 0.75 tonnes. He retained all of this for food and sold nothing. As a result, he no longer had to buy food and has sufficient stocks at home to last until next season. He calculates that he has avoided having to spend money on food equivalent to 12 goats. With a goat selling at some Z$300,000 (about £17), this means that he saved over £200. This thus shows that building contours to conserve rain water is an effective way to improve the impacts of droughts.
This is a L1 response because there were description of the measure “[In UK, measures taken to improve the impacts of droughts are proven to be quite successful. In UK, the ban of using hosepipes has helped to save more water.]”, and strengths of the measure “[ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces. This ban of using hosepipes would also help UK in the future in case of more severe droughts. ]”. But there was no weakness and conclusion for the effectiveness of the measures.
1. Droughts will affect agriculture in the area which might cause the price of vegetables to go up. Droughts will impact the lives of people and livestock.
2. In LDC, the farmers affected by the drought turned to water haversting as a way to grow crops. This measure was effective as it required the building of contours as a way to conserve rainwater. In DC, there ha been a ban on the use of hosepipes. A ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces. This way people would be smarter on the use of waters as if they go against this ban, these people will be fined up to £1,000.
-1 mark for giving measure ” farmers affected by the drought turned to water haversting as a way to grow crops”
-1 mark for linking ” This measure was effective as it required the building of contours as a way to conserve rainwater”
-1 mark for giving example “ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces.”
For level response, you mark by levels. Marks are also awarded by levels. Can you rephrase according to the level descriptors?
shortage of food and water is one of the effects of drought.people and animals will die of dehydration and crops are destroyed .famine will result due to crop failure.in the develope countries farmars look for ways to share water resourses bysetting up water abstrator groups and to take steps now to improve water efficiency.they top up their storage reservoirs,to ensure there are better supplies for the summer months.
1) The impacts of teh droughts have left the people in Zimbwawe suffer from low agricultural output, especially in the sub-Saharan Africa where most of the crops are dependant on rains. Due to the droughts, there were less harvests and insuffecient food for families. In the UK (United Kingdom), water companies across southern and eastern England are introducing ‘hosepipe bans’ due to the drought conditions. The residents may not be able to wash their cars, water their gardens, clean the windows of their houses and filling swimming pools etc when this ‘hosepipe ban’ is being approved of.
2) The measures taken to help the peopel in Zimbwawe is to build ridges of soil or install tanks beneath the soil. These bunds/tanks are to collect/keep rainwater for the agriculture of the crops. In this case, the people are forced to adapt to changes, recieving droughts instead of good rainfall for their crops to grow. A farmer in Zimbwawe should use this method if he is facing critically low harvests due to the droughts. The bunds help to collect rainwater and the crops can still grow healthily even though there is low rainfall. This is called the water harvesting method.
I’m not done yet 😦
You should elaborate on why the UK had the hosepipe bans. Like in the UK they weren’t suffering from any drought loss what but why did they decide to have the hosepipe ban?is it just for fun? to save water? What are the pros and cons of having the farmer keeping tanks under the soil to collect rainwater? And compare it to the pros and cons of having the hosepipe ban in the uk and which do u think is better. Overall quite good and very detailed but I think those aspects could be improved.
2. In UK, seven firms imposed water restrictions after two unusually dry winters which left reservoirs, aquifers and rivers below normal levels. The affected areas are the south-east of England and East Anglia. However, the Environmental Agency (EA) warns that the drought could spread as far north as East Yorkshire and far west as the Hampshire-Wiltshire border. It will also warn of effects on agriculture that could raise prices of potatoes and other vegetables. A ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces.
In Zimbabwe, rainwater harvesting is a way of capturing rain as it falls and retaining it in the soil or in tanks below ground so it can be later used as a source of clean water. By constructing ridges of soil along the contours of fields rainfall is held back from running off the hard-baked soils too quickly, so that crops have enough water to grow. Even when rainfall levels are low, families can harvest enough food.
thi sis a L1 response because there was a description of the measures taken ‘A ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces’. However there were only measures take; no link to how this helps to reduce impact of droughts, no evaluation of effectiveness and ineffectiveness
2. A measure taken by areas in south-east england that where hit by the droughts was the ban on the use of hosepipes. The ban prevents people from using hosepipes in their gardens, to wash cars, clean the exterior of houses or “recreational use” and are fined up to 1000 pounds if they breach these terms. however watering cans and buckets are still allowed. This saves water in the areas that are affected by droughts. However, with the lack of water, farmers are unable to plant many crops. This causes there to be less crops for the people.
In Zimbabwe, a measure taken by the people is rainwater harvesting.
the rest is on a peice of paper. 🙂
you spelt piece worbngly.
2) Here are two articles showing an example of how DC and LDC such as UK and Zimbabwe reduce the impacts on drought respectively: Read the articles and evaluate the effectiveness of measures taken to reduce the impact of droughts in DC and LDC [8m].
In UK, one method of amid drought conditions is by banning the use of hosepipes. The ban on hosepipes is to ensure that water will not be wated on recreational activities such as – gardening, car washing or boats. Also using water that is to be conserved through horsepipes to maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces is banned and people in breach of these terms risk being prosecuted and fined up to £1,000. However, watering cans and buckets are still allowed as the water is stored up and not let out continuously so as to save water. These measures have helped by conserving water when the country is at risk of having water for survival. This ban will allow people to be more aware of that water is precious especially in times of drought. Also people would not use water for unimportant external uses as they will not want to risk getting fined up to £1,000, nearly $2000.
In Zimbabwe, they harvest rainwater so as to reduce the impact of drought. Rainwater harvesting is a way of capturing rain when it falls, then by retaining it in the soil or in tanks below ground so it can be later used as a source of clean water. By constructing ridges of soil along the contours of fields rainfall is held back from running off the hard-baked soils too quickly, so that crops have enough water to grow. Even when rainfall levels are low, families can harvest enough food. This way water from the rain is retained and conserved to be used for other purposes in the future. It is a good way of conserving water though it is a very expensive way of conserving water due to the equipments used to capture rain and cleaning it. The less developed country may find it challenging to afford these equipments whereas developed countries may find it possible to clean water with these equipments.
who is mel
7marks
In UK, horsepipe bans are imposed in drought-hit parts of UK. However, a ban on hosepipes means they cannot be used on gardens, plants, cars or boats for “recreational use”; to fill or maintain ponds, pools or fountains; and to clean paths, walls, windows or other artificial outdoor surfaces. This is not very effective as there will be a lack of water supply to sustain daily activities. Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman said the temporary restrictions would “help protect the public’s water supply in the areas most affected by the record low levels of rainfall we have experienced over the last 17 months”. However, this means that this is a short-term measure and this may not be effective to prevent droughts.
In Zimbabwe, water-harvesting techniques are used as a measure to prevent droughts. Rainwater harvesting is a way of capturing rain as it falls and retaining it in the soil or in tanks below ground so it can be later used as a source of clean water. One such example was that before a rainwater harvesting project had been introduced to Humbane village in Gwanda, Zimbabwe, a good harvest was rare. But by 2003 a quarter of all the households had produced enough food to last the year.
2.In the UK a hosepipe ban has been implemented to prevent the water resources from being depleted. This is to ensure that the tight water supply is solely used for important purposes. However the reprecussions fall in the agricultural industry because without sufficient water crops will die, thus hiking up food prices. In Zimbabwe the farmers use rainwater harvesting to ensure sufficient water for farming this method of farming increases crop output. Both methods are effective as they both yeild results. In UK the people still have sufficient drinking water and in Zimbabwe the rainwater harvesting provides a supply of clean water that can be utilized either for consumption or farming
1.Droughts are a mass shortage of water which means that there will be water constraints. There will not be enough water for activites such farming or even consumption. with a lack of water for farming crops will fail leading to famine and economic losses if the country’s main source of income is by exporting food.
im sure you spell piece like that. you didn’t answer the question. you only explained.
cherry
this is very fun. woo hoo.